🐴 Signs of Complications During Foaling

Foaling is a critical time for both the mare and the foal. While most births proceed without issues, it’s essential to be aware of potential complications to ensure timely intervention. Here are the signs of complications during foaling that horse owners should watch for:

⏳ Prolonged Labor

First Stage Complications

The first stage of labor, where the mare appears restless and may sweat or act colicky, should not exceed 4 hours. If this stage is prolonged, it could indicate a problem.

Second Stage Complications

The second stage, where active labor occurs and the foal is delivered, should last 20-30 minutes. If this stage takes longer than 30 minutes, it could signal a complication.

🚨 Abnormal Foal Position

Breech Presentation

A breech foal presents tail-first rather than head-first. This is an emergency and requires immediate veterinary assistance.

Malposition

If you see only one foot, or the head and no feet, or other abnormal positions, it indicates that the foal is not correctly positioned. This can prevent a normal delivery and requires urgent attention.

⚠️ Signs of Distress in the Mare

Excessive Straining

If the mare is straining excessively without making progress, it could indicate a blockage or other issue preventing the foal from being born.

Signs of Severe Pain

Unusual signs of severe pain, such as continuous rolling, thrashing, or excessive sweating, are concerning and suggest complications.

🌊 Abnormal Placenta Delivery

Premature Placenta (Red Bag Delivery)

A red bag delivery occurs when the placenta separates prematurely and presents at the vulva before the foal. This condition can cut off the foal’s oxygen supply and requires immediate veterinary intervention.

Retained Placenta

If the placenta is not expelled within 3 hours after foaling, it is considered retained. This condition can lead to severe infections and requires prompt veterinary care.

🩺 Lack of Progress

No Progress Within 15 Minutes

If there is no visible progress 10-15 minutes after the water breaks, it could indicate that the foal is stuck or there is another issue preventing delivery.

Stalled Delivery

If the foal’s head or feet are visible but there is no further progress for more than 10 minutes, assistance is needed to avoid complications.

🧬 Abnormal Foal Vital Signs

Weak or Non-Responsive Foal

After delivery, the foal should begin breathing and moving almost immediately. A foal that is weak, non-responsive, or slow to start breathing needs immediate help.

Difficulty Standing or Nursing

If the foal has trouble standing or nursing within the first couple of hours, it could indicate an underlying issue that requires veterinary attention.

👨‍⚕️ Conclusion

Recognizing the signs of complications during foaling can save the lives of both the mare and the foal. Prompt veterinary intervention is crucial when any of these signs are observed. Always have a foaling plan in place and ensure you can contact your vet quickly in case of emergencies.